Steam dynamo-electric machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

- F. M. GARLAND.

STEAM DYNAMO ELECTRIC MAGHINE. No. 463,121 Patented Nov. 10,1891.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. PM. GARLAND.

STEAMDYNAMO- ELECTRIC MACHINE. No.- 463,121. Patented Nov. 10; 1891-.

UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

, FRANK. l\l. GARLAND, OF NElV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

STEAM DYNAMO- -ELECTRlC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,121, dated November 10, 1891.

' Application filed February 4, 1891. $erial No. 380,185. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 4

Be it known that I, FRANK. M. GARLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Dynamos, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

' The invention relates to the class of machines wherein the electrical generator and its motor are directly connected and built together upon the same base and constructed with parts interdependently combined; and

' the objectisto produce a machine of this class which shall be simple and cheapin construction and occupy but a small space wherein a motor may be used that will run economically with sufficient speed to obtain without vibration and variation the maximum output of the dynamo.

Tothis end the invention consists in details of the combination and construction of the supporting parts and valve-regulating mechanism, as more particularly hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is an end elevation with parts broken away. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sec tion of the base, and Fig. dis a vertical transverse section of the base through one of the standards.

In the views, the letter a indicates the base,

.whieh is cast to shape of iron in one piece.

From the upper surface of this base 011 each side of the center rise two standards I), which at their lower part are hollowed out so as to form two chambers o d, from each of which are cut ports 0 d to the plane surfacee upon the outside of the lower part of these standards. Oscillating cylinders f are supported with their port-faces against the plane surface 6 by two trunnions f, one of which passes into a bearing 1), formed in the standard between the chambers c (I, while the other is supported in a bearing 9 rising from the end of the base, which bearing is provided with an adjusting screw having a clamping-nut, whereby the cylinder may be closely adj ustcd and clamped against the standard, so that there will be no leakage or undue friction between the plane-faces of the cylinder and the standard when the cylinder oscillates in running.

In suitable bearings b at the upper end of the standards I) 'is supported a shaft 71 upon which is placed the armature f of the electrical generator. The coils of this armature are wound in any desirable manner upon the usual core, as are the coils of the multipolar electro-magnet g, the yoke g, of which is firmly secured to the base at its center, which is preferably raised to form a mount for the dynamo.

Upon the extreme ends of the shaft, outside of the standards, are secured crank-disks h, and to crank-pins projecting from said disks are pivoted the upper ends of the piston-rodsj, that pass through proper stu t'tingboxes to pistons in the oscillating cylinders. Supported by one of the standards b is the brush-holder lt, the arms of which have suitable brushes that bear upon the commutator i, secured upon the shaft 71 and connected to the armature L Upon the shaft 7:, on the opposite side of the armature from the commutator, is mounted a pulley I, to the spokes of which are pivoted weighted levers in, that are connected by links in, to a yoke m loosely mounted upon the shaft and connected to two eccentrics "It n, the straps of which are joined by rods 0 0 to the rocker-arms p 2), one of which 1) is fast to the rod q, while the other 1) is fast to a collar p that oscillates loosely upon the rod q. This rod q extends from one standard to the other, and is loosely supported at its ends by arms I)", that project from the standards, near which the rod bears two oscillating levers 0', the oscillating lever at the end near the rocker-arms being fast to the collar y that is secured to the arm p, that rocks loosely upon the rod, while the oscillating lever at the opposite end is rigid with the rod. The opposite ends of these levers 2' are joined by suitablelinks to valve-rods 1', that pass through the walls of the hollow standards into the chambers c,

where they are connected to slide-valves 5,.

adapted to be reciprocatcd across the ports c to regulate the supply of live steam, according to the oscillation of the levers r, as governed by the position of the eccentrics connected to the centrifugal governor at tached to the pulley mounted upon and controlled by the speed of the revolution of the shaft. Live steam enters the hollow base of the standards Z) into the chambers cthrough piping suitably connected with the opening 0 and after passing the valves 5 expands upon either side of the pistons, upon the reciprocation of which the cranks are driven and the shaft bearing the armature and the governor revolved. As the cylinders, which are set sothat both pistons cannot be on centcr, oscillate, steam enters through first one then the other of the ports 0 and escapes through first one then the other of the ports d and exhausts into a return-pipe suitably connected to the opening (1 as governed by the position of the cylinders, one of the valve-eccentrics being set in advance of the other to correspond to these different positions and provide the desired regulation for the economic admission of steam.

The construction shown permits a dynamo of large capacity and the small cheap rapidlyrunning oscillating cylinders to be efficiently joined and occupy but a small space and the distribution of the power directly to the opposite ends of the shaft, which may be made light without danger of bending, rotates the armature at a uniform speed without vibration and with sufficient rapidity to obtain the maximum output of the dynamo, and the gov ernor so regulates and cuts off the supply of steam that there is no waste. Should the dynamo not be needed,the power of the pistons may be utilized by belting upon the governorpulley.

The construction is simple, cheap, and light, and the standards which support the armature-shaft are, by being hollowed out, very rigid and firm, and at the same time form a good support for the cylinders with the proper live and exhaust steam chambers.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, in a steamdynamo, a base having a mount at its center for an electro-magnet and standards rising from the upper surface each side of the center, said standards being hollow at their lower part and provided with a plane surface upon the exterior of the hollow portion andshaft-bearings at their upper ends, cylinders bearing pistons held to the plane surfaces on the standards, a" shaft bearing an armature supported in the bearings and connected at each end with the pistons, and a field-magnet supported by the base, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In combination, in a steam-dynamo, a base having a mount at its center for an electro-magnet and standards rising from the upper surface each side of the center, said stand-- ards being hollow at their lower part and provided with a plane surface upon the exterior of the hollow portion and shaft-bearings at their upper end, cylinders bearing pistons held to the plane surface on the standards, a shaft bearing an armature supported in the bearings and connected at each end with the pistons, said shaft loosely bearing two eccentrics connected with a centrifugal governor mounted upon the shaft, two rods connecting the eccentrics with rocker-arms borne by an oscillating rod, one of said arms being con- "nectec to and the other loosely supported by the rod, oscillating levers at each end of the rod, one of which is connected to and the other borne loosely by the rod and connected to the loose rocker-arm, and slide-valves in the chambers in the shaft-standards connected with the oscillating levers, and a field-magnet supported by the base, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

FRANK. M. GARLAND. \Vitnesses:

H. R. WILLIAMs, A. B. JENKINS. 

